Below is an electrical method statement for the installation of structured cable / network cabling system (IPTV, MC, CCTV & ACCESS CONTROL) as per the project specifications and manufacturer installation instructions. System is also known as it structured cabling.
Arrange below tools and tackles:
- Electrician toolbox
- Hand Tools such as Crimping Tools, Cable cutters etc.
- Ladders
- Cable Pulling stand
- Cable jointing Kit
Roles and Responsibilities
Project Manager:
PM shall be responsible for the overall project.
The project Manager will be based on site and will be responsible for the management of the project, both on and off site, through delegation of duties in accordance with the organization chart and for the effective implementation of the project management system.
He shall ensure that the proper tools and tackles are available for the timely completion of this job achieving best quality.
MEP Coordinator is responsible on behalf of main contractor to coordinate, check and follow up all MEP related sub-contractor’s progress and installation works in proper sequence of activities with main contractor to achieve targeted completion.
QA/QC Engineer:
He shall ensure that the work is carried out ensuring that the requirement for quality control is followed. He shall ensure that all WIR and Check List requirements are met.
QA/QC Engineer shall ensure that all necessary requests for inspection and installation are processed and put forward to the consultant for notification.
He shall ensure that all inspections are conducted as per contract specifications, QCP (Quality control procedures) & WIR’s to ensure all inspections proper, approved materials and shop drawings and standards are available at the point of use.
He shall be responsible for the total quality records related to work are completed as per quality requirements. Subcontractor QC shall inspect the works prior to initiating WIR for the main contractor and consultant approval.
HSE officer will monitor and implement all HSE related issues.
He shall ensure that all necessary requirements health, safety and environment concerns are met and adhered to.
HSE officer shall ensure that all permits and authorization are on hand prior to starting any site operation.
Site Engineer:
Shall ensure that all works are carried out according to approved shop drawings, approved material submittal and approved method statement.
Ensure all safety equipment’s proper tools & tackles are available at the point of use.
Aware of all procedures, work method, instructions, quality requirements for the timely completion of the job and explains to the task force for execution of the job applicable code of practice and approved shop drawings.
Pre Installation Requirements
Make sure that all materials issued from store are approved and as per the material submittals.
All materials used shall be specified by the system manufacturer and used / installed with manufacturer’s instructions.
On installation site the materials shall be properly stored and stacked, protected from sunlight and moisture by covering them with tarpaulin etc.
Structured Cabling Installation – General guidelines
When cable is received at the job site, the cable length is verified to ensure the cable will reach between the end points.
Both ends of the cable will also be verified in terms of the footage markings on the outer jacket and the computation of the actual length of the jacket whenever available.
The cable shall be identified, labeled, and the shop drawings updated to reflect the work operation.
A good cable pulling setup means all materials are in place so the cables can be handled properly and safely.
Specialized equipment capable of holding large reels will be used as and when needed.
Smaller equipment, such as cable trees, will also be used to handle the many reels of cable containing low pair count cable.
The pathway of a cable will be checked first to be free of sharp bends and turns.
Manufacturer’s recommended pulling tension and minimum bend radius (while under tension) shall not be exceeded.
The use of cable lubricants as and when deemed necessary will significantly reduce friction and speed up cable installation especially within the conduits.
Cable pulling lubricant will be selected based on cable manufacturer’s recommendations.
When the large, high pair count copper cables are installed in conduits, the pulling of the cable places significant tension on the conduit, a winch can be used if required in this high pair count placing operation.
Communication with co-workers is essential in every cable pull, each of the co-workers will be prepared to alert the person pulling the cable, to ensure the cable is traversing the route smoothly without twisting, or getting bound up.
Pulling Horizontal cable in conduits
Horizontal cable is installed between the telecommunications room and work area outlets.
Cable shall not be bent.
Should the cable be damaged during installation, do not attempt to repair, instead replace the entire cable.
The cables and their reels will be labeled prior to pulling cable into place.
It is easier to identify and label the cables before they are pulled through the conduit.
Pulling Horizontal cable in open ceiling
The procedure for cable installation in open ceilings is different from that in conduits.
Cables shall be supported whenever available by suitable cable trays and cable baskets, ( A maximum of 60 Cables can be accommodated in a cable tray of 100x50mm).
Pulling backbone in vertical pathways from top to bottom
Cable is generally easier to install from the top down rather than from the bottom up because gravity helps with the pull.
When pulling cable from top down, a reel brake will be used.
A reel brake is a mechanical device used to stop or slow a freewheeling reel, thus keeping it from unreeling too fast due to gravity.
In the room where the cable will enter the vertical pathway, a bull wheel will be used to ensure that the jacket is not damaged as it enters the pathway.
Pulling Horizontal Structured Cable
Horizontal Cable is used to connect telecommunications rooms to the different end users outlets.
In the room where the cable will enter the horizontal, a bull wheel may be used to ensure that the jacket is not damaged as it enters the pathway.
A pull wire will be used and the cable will be pulled from end to end by taking all necessary precautions as per the requirements of the cable manufacturer.
Inspection materials located near the bends will be closely monitored during cable pulling in order to avoid cable mishandling.
Precautions:
To verify receipt of undamaged cable, while the cable is still on the reel, the installer should verify that there is continuity with the cable still on the reel.
For copper cable, continuity can be verified by use of an ohm-meter.
For optical fiber cable, continuity can be verified by shining a light source (e.g., flashlight) into the fiber strands or using a power meter or optical time domain reflectometer (OTDR).
Pulling backbone – Vertical Cable
For optical fiber pulling, common sense is the best guideline to follow.
Some of the primary installation concerns that should be addressed during the installation of an optical fiber cabling system are:
Tensile Load / Installation Pull Bend Radius ( In general the max acceptable bend for Cat 6A copper cable is 4 times its outer diameter & for Fiber 10 times the outer diameter.
Maximum length of a Cat6A permanent link is 90Meters.
Number of bends in a link is not defined as long as the bends maintain the bend radius criteria.
The installer shall follow the manufacturer’s recommendations.
During pulling, installer should avoid crushing the cable by stepping on it or having it out in the open when man or machine may trample it.
Even though the crush resistance of the optical fiber cabling is usually around 700% greater than that of CAT6 A UTP, one must remember that it is still made of glass.
Cable Termination Method
Cable termination involves the organizing of cables by destination, forming and dressing cables, and labeling, as well as actually creating a connection with a copper or fiber conductor.
Cable termination preparation not only improves the quality of the job but also decreases the amount of time required for termination.
The performance of pre-termination functions involves organizing the cable by destination.
Cable to be terminated should be placed at the point of termination and must also be identified to ensure it is terminated in the designated position, cable connection is not complete until all terminations are identified and labeled.
Crosstalk is associated with copper balanced twisted-pair cabling and an issue of which the installer must be aware.
This issue can be mitigated by allowing cables to have a more natural layer rather than forming tight bundles and allowing cables to be run next-and-parallel to each other.
While forming and dressing the cable at the point of termination may be visually pleasing, doing so for longer distances, such as within a cable tray, may lead to alien crosstalk performance issues.
Separation of balanced F/UTP cables should follow the guidance of ANSI/TIA568-B.
Copper Termination
Copper terminations are used for balanced twisted-pair cabling and the use of insulation displacement contact (IDC) is recommended.
When terminating balanced twisted-pair copper cable:
- Remove only as much cable jacket as is required for termination and trimming.
- Follow the manufacturer’s instructions for mounting, termination, and cable management.
- Minimize the amount of untwisting in a pair as a result of termination to connecting hardware.
- For untwisting cabling, maintain pair twists as close as possible to the termination point.
The T568A and the optional T568B wiring schemes are recognized for use with horizontal copper cable. Only one of the wiring schemes shall be used in a project. (TIA568B)
Fiber Termination Method
In most of the projects, there are two specific types of optical fiber used: multimode and single-mode.
Each specific type of fiber has its own characteristics.
Multimode optical fiber has an outside diameter of 125 µm.
The glass core of the fiber, which carries the optical signal, has a diameter of 50 µm.
Single mode optical fiber has an outside diameter of 125 µm.
The glass core of the fiber, which carries the optical signal, has a diameter of 8-9 µm.
Optical fiber cores must be precisely aligned between connecting cables to ensure that the maximum transfer of light energy is obtained.
Pigtails will be used for termination.
Splicing will be done by using a fusion splicing method as directed by cable manufacturer.
HSE Requirements
Proper toolbox talk will be given to the personnel involved in carrying out the installation of structured cable system. The method statement & risk assessment RA shall be communicated to the crew during the tool box talk.
Suitable PPE, i.e. Safety Shoes, Helmet, Hand Gloves appropriate for the task shall be used.
Site engineers shall ensure all safety equipment; proper tool and tackle are available at the point of use.
Safety officer will ensure that all safety precautions are taken as per the project HSE plan and in coordination with main contractor Safety Officer.
Check the hazard warnings on the power tools/equipment’s, and strictly follow the safety instructions mentioned in the relevant user manual.
INSTALLATION INSPECTION CHECK LIST ITEMS
Check all materials are as per specification and approved MAR, approved shop drawing & from approved supplier.
Check the cable trunking, pipes and fittings are installed as per approved drawings.
Check all the connectivity on the SCS patch panel/Fiber patch panel.
Check all have correct labels and identification Properly done (Outlet/Patch panel side)
Check all Termination as per the EIA/TIA 568 Standards.
Ensure cable bends are maintained as specified.
Check all Telephone/MDF rooms earthing is done.
Check all Telephone/MDF room need to maintain constant temperature in order to protect network switches, i.e. air conditioning is provided.
Attachments
- Inspection and Test Plan ITP
- Installation Checklists
- HSE Risk Assessment
- Schematic Diagrams
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